Today's selection of science news. Links are normally to press releases on EurekAlert (at the bottom end I may also add a couple of newspaper stories). I include quotes from the summary (using quotation marks) in cases where the title alone doesn't reveal what the story is about. My own thoughts appear without quotation marks, if I have any.
astrobiology
Ammonium fertilized early life on earth
evolution
In a first, researchers identify reddish coloring in an ancient fossil
"Researchers have for the first time detected chemical traces of red pigment in an ancient fossil -- an exceptionally well-preserved mouse, not unlike today's field mice, that roamed the fields of what is now the German village of Willershausen around 3 million years ago."
ecology
Fish fences across the tropical seas having large-scale devastating effects
Baby tiger sharks eat songbirds
Eastern forests shaped more by Native Americans' burning than climate change
"Native Americans' use of fire to manage vegetation in what is now the Eastern United States was more profound than previously believed, according to a Penn State researcher who determined that forest composition change in the region was caused more by land use than climate change."
climate change
Scientists discovered an entirely new reason for methane venting from the Arctic Shelf
humans
Testifying while black: A linguistic analysis of disparities in court transcription
River valleys helped shape current genetic landscape of Han Chinese
"The Han Chinese are the world's largest ethnic group, making up 91.6% of modern-day China. Now, in a new study drawing from the largest study to date of three generations of 21,668, unrelated Han Chinese DNA samples, spread out over all provinces, lead author Qing-Peng Kong and his team, of the Kunming Institute of Zoology have shown the importance of how the three main river valleys in China contributed to Han genetic diversity."
Difficulties with reading and narration in children with autism
"Children with autism may be good at reading a text one word at a time, but simultaneously have problems in understanding and retelling the content of what they read. Research now shows the importance, for these children, of extensive language assessment and follow-up over time."
measures
Original kilogram replaced -- new International System of Units (SI) entered into force
Prototype of a silicon-28 single crystal after growth in a floating zone plant in the context of the KILOGRAM project.
Credit: IKZ
maths
Mathematicians revive abandoned approach to Riemann Hypothesis
"The hypothesis is a vehicle to understand one of the greatest mysteries in number theory -- the pattern underlying prime numbers."
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